A16z Live: Exclusive Interview with Marc Andreessen and Ben Horowitz 

Talking about the many geniuses in history who were somewhere on the autism spectrum The Pattern Seekers: How Autism Drives Human Invention by Simon Baron-Cohen

Ben mentioned a few books when talking about the comeback of Oral Culture thanks to the internet Orality and Literacy by Walter J. Ong The WEIRDest People in the World: How the West Became Psychologically Peculiar and Particularly Prosperous by Joseph Henrich

Discussing relationships among cofounders and decision-making Thinking in Bets: Making Smarter Decisions When You Don’t Have All the Facts by Annie Duke

Marc Andreessen (@pmarca) and Ben Horowitz (@bhorowitz) are the co-founders and general partners at the venture capital firm, Andreessen Horowitz

In this chat, part of their new Clubhouse show, Marc Andreessen and Ben Horowitz talk about building trust, cofounder relationships, personal productivity, and much more

There’s a quote by Ben saying “Layoffs break trust” When you hire someone, you make a lot of promises “You’ll advance your career”, “You’ll have fun” etc… When you lay someone off, you break their trust because you break your promises

You even lose the trust of the employees who stay The ones who are laid off are usually closer to other employees than they are to you “Trust is the essential ingredient of any culture, of any organization” Ben Horowitz

Trust is deeply related to communication If I trust you entirely, you barely have to talk to me I know that everything you do is in the best interests of the organization The day you start layoffs, you have to immediately start to re-build the trust

Since COVID started, and many companies had to lay people off, it became harder to rebuild trust “Face-to-face is a natural, free trust-builder” Ben Horowitz Any leader today should be thinking about how to create and maintain trust, especially remotely

As a CEO you have to embrace the future If people are demanding to work from home, you have to consider that You have to understand it and see if and how it can bring you a competitive advantage How is career development different? How should we improve onboarding?

Work from home is a real thing that we’ll never get away from Many young women working at a16z said that working remotely was the first time they felt they could be good at their career while being a mother

As a first-time founder, you’re often hiring for roles you don’t even understand At the same time, as the CEO you’re supposed to know how to do the jobs you’re hiring for This tension slows down your learning curve You won’t ask enough questions because you have to appear as you know The solution is to get some real help from people who’ve been in that role before

Relationship with cofounders Founders spend a lot of time thinking about board members and investors But they rarely worry about the relationships between cofounders Large shocks in a company are often due to cofounders disagreements Starting a company creates lots of pressures and forces you to understand your cofounders at a different level Founders who’ve known each other for longer are better at avoiding issues Ben and Marc suggest founders to re-vest their stock as often as they can If not a cofounder might leave the company very early while keeping a huge share of the stocks

The ability to argue, even hurt each other’s feelings, without it affecting the relationship Challenging each other is the only way you can mutually learn No one else will challenge one of the cofounders

The partnership must be more important to you than being right Letting your cofounder make important decisions even if you think they’re right builds trust You allow them to make the right decision, and increase your trust toward them They’ll trust you more in the times when you really want to make the decision Annie Duke’s book Thinking in Bets talks about judging decisions by the process, not the outcome Mutual respect is absolutely necessary for this to work

You probably won’t know if the partnership is solid until it goes through serious stress

Unlimited determination and extreme courage You have to walk away from a lot of money many times You have to be willing to endure enormous pain

The ability to calibrate “direct control” vs. the scalability of the company You have to accept things being broken, as you let them out of your control You also have to be urgent about getting those things fixed as soon as possible

Looking at his Calendar, Ben asks himself “Why am I excited about this meeting?” If he finds he’s not excited, he’ll cancel it

In 2007 Marc wrote a blog post about not having a Calendar You keep your day wide open and can work on whatever is most important This is similar to what Warren Buffet does

Today, instead he turned schedules everything If done wrong, too much structure can be overwhelming You feel like you have so many things to do and no time for yourself Marc has a different approach to it Schedule all the things you like first (family, fun etc..) Then you schedule the things you have to do Finally, prioritize and try to keep a balance among the two In this way, total structure can help avoid burn out

Your brain continuously synthesizes large amounts of information The result of this information synthesis may come to you as a gut feeling Sometimes you can’t articulate the reasons behind a decision, but you feel it in your body, as gut instinct Ben remembers feeling physically ill when there was something wrong with his company

Gut instinct can be useful when you spent huge amounts of time consuming information Successful people may start to trust their gut instinct so much they stop researching information That’s when continuing to follow your gut instinct can be destructive

Success is your worst enemy “As soon as you start to think that you’re successful because of you, as opposed to the exact things you did, then you totally ruin yourself” Ben Horowitz

“The most important thing in college, by far, is learning how to think” Ben Horowitz Understanding more ideas, learning different perspective from a variety of people The only way to future-proof yourself is to take the ability to learn with you after college

Learn tools and skills that can be applied in many fields Mathematics and Computer Science are great examples

Before the introduction of writing, humanity was mostly an oral culture Oral cultures are very social in nature Focus on relationships, on the tribe

With time, we developed a literary culture Marked by rationality, abstract concepts But even then, oral culture didn’t die Music and poetry are examples of its continuation Before writing, they were the tools to transfer wisdom to future generations

Socrates was anti-writing He thought relying on writing worsen your memory No matter how often you read something, you won’t get anything different If instead, you talk to someone, you’ll get different responses over time You can actually improve your knowledge

With podcasts, Youtube, and Clubhouse we are moving back towards an oral culture